Coffee Prodution Technology

Coffee is one of the world’s most valuable crops, requiring precision farming, climate-smart techniques, and sustainable practices to ensure high yield, rich flavor, and quality beans. With modern coffee production technology, farmers can boost productivity while preserving the environment.

Ideal Climate & Soil Conditions

Temperature: Coffee grows best in 18°C to 24°C for Arabica and 24°C to 30°C for Robusta. Temperatures above 32°C can lower bean quality.

Rainfall: Requires 1,200–2,500 mm annually, depending on the variety.

Altitude: 800-2,200 meters above sea level provides the best flavor.

Soil: Prefers well-drained volcanic or loamy soil with a pH of 5.5 to 6.5.

Seed Selection & Nursery Management

High-yielding, disease-resistant varieties improve crop success.

Shade-grown coffee prevents heat stress and enhances flavor.

Automated irrigation in nurseries ensures healthy seedling growth.

Land Preparation & Plantation Establishment

Terracing on slopes prevents soil erosion in hilly areas.

 Cover crops & organic manure improve soil health.

Plant Spacing: 2.5m x 2.5m for Arabica, 3m x 3m for Robusta.

Smart Irrigation & Water Management

Drip & micro-sprinkler irrigation optimize water use.

Mulching with organic waste conserves soil moisture.

Fertilization & Nutrient Management

NPK Application: Nitrogen for growth, Phosphorus for root strength, Potassium for bean quality.

Bio-fertilizers & compost enhance soil fertility sustainably.

Foliar sprays (Zinc, Magnesium, Boron) improve bean development.

Pest & Disease Control

Common threats: Coffee Berry Borer, Leaf Rust, Coffee Wilt Disease.

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) – Use of natural predators & organic pesticides.

Harvesting & Post-Harvest Processing

Hand-picking or mechanical harvesting ensures high-quality beans.

Processing Methods:

• Wet Processing – Produces cleaner, brighter coffee.
• Dry Processing – Enhances body and complexity.
• Honey Processing – Retains natural sweetness.