Peanut Production Technology

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), also known as groundnuts, are a nutrient-rich, oilseed crop with high market demand. With scientific farming techniques and modern technology, farmers can achieve higher productivity, better quality, and increased profits while improving soil health.

Key Steps for Profitable Peanut Cultivation

Ideal Climate & Soil Conditions

Temperature: 25-35°C – Requires warm weather and moderate rainfall

Soil Type: Well-drained sandy loam to loamy soil (pH 6.0-7.5)

Water Requirement: Moderate irrigation, critical at flowering & pod formation

 High-Yielding Peanut Varieties

Popular varieties: TAG 24, JL 24, GG 7, K 6, TMV 2

 Disease-resistant types: ICGV 91114, GPBD 4 – Ideal for disease-prone regions

High oil-content varieties: Suitable for edible oil & export markets

Smart Sowing & Seed Treatment

Seed rate: 80-100 kg/ha for bunch type, 100-120 kg/ha for spreading type

Best sowing time:

• Kharif (Monsoon crop): June-July
• Rabi (Winter crop): October-November
• Summer crop: January-February

Seed treatment: Treat with Rhizobium & PSB (Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria) to boost nitrogen fixation & root growth

Nutrient & Water Management

Balanced fertilization:

• Nitrogen (N): 20-30 kg/ha
• Phosphorus (P): 40-60 kg/ha
• Potassium (K): 30-40 kg/ha

Irrigation schedule: Essential at flowering, peg formation, and pod development stages

 Weed, Pest & Disease Control

Weed management: Use Pendimethalin (pre-emergence herbicide) for effective weed control

Common pests: Aphids, leaf miners, red hairy caterpillars – Managed using Neem-based bio-pesticides

Disease control: Tikka leaf spot, Rust, Stem rot – Prevent with crop rotation & fungicide applications

Harvesting & Post-Harvest Management

 Harvest when leaves turn yellow & pods are fully developed

Proper drying ensures higher oil quality & better market price

Average yield: 2.5-3.5 tons per hectare.