Pepper Production Technology

Peppers, including bell peppers and chili peppers, are high-value crops that thrive with precision farming, climate-smart irrigation, and greenhouse cultivation. With modern agricultural technology, farmers can boost yields, enhance quality, and ensure year-round production!

Ideal Climate & Soil Conditions

Temperature: Best growth at 18°C to 30°C. Below 15°C slows growth, while above 35°C affects flowering.

Rainfall: Requires 600–1,200 mm annually, but controlled irrigation is preferred.

Soil: Well-drained sandy loam with a pH of 6.0–7.0.

Sunlight: Prefers 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily.

Seed Selection & Nursery Management

Hybrid & disease-resistant varieties like California Wonder (bell pepper), Bhut Jolokia (chili), and Pusa Jwala.

Protected nursery with seedling trays ensures uniform germination.

Mist irrigation & temperature control for strong seedlings.

Land Preparation & Transplanting

Raised bed & plastic mulching conserve moisture and control weeds.

Spacing: Bell peppers: 40-50 cm apart, Chili peppers: 30-40 cm apart.

Trellising (staking or netting) improves airflow and fruit quality.

Smart Irrigation & Water Management

Drip irrigation with fertigation reduces water use by 50% and improves nutrient uptake.

Soil moisture sensors prevent over-irrigation.

Fertilization & Nutrient Management

NPK Requirements:

• Nitrogen (N): Supports vegetative growth.
• Phosphorus (P): Enhances root strength and flowering.
• Potassium (K): Improves fruit setting and size.

Pest & Disease Control

Major pests: Thrips, aphids, whiteflies, fruit borers.

Common diseases: Powdery mildew, bacterial wilt, anthracnose.

Harvesting & Post-Harvest Technology

Harvesting begins in 70-90 days, with continuous picking every 5-7 days.

Cold storage at 7-10°C maintains freshness.