Cucumber Production Technology

Cucumber is a fast-growing, high-value vegetable crop that thrives with modern precision farming, smart irrigation, and greenhouse technology. With advanced production techniques, farmers can achieve higher yields, better fruit quality, and year-round cultivation.

Ideal Climate & Soil Conditions

Temperature: Best growth at 18°C to 30°C. Below 12°C slows germination, while above 35°C affects fruit setting.

Rainfall: Requires 1,000–1,500 mm annually, but controlled irrigation is preferred.

Soil: Sandy loam to loamy soil, well-drained, with a pH of 6.0–7.5.

Sunlight: Prefers 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily.

Seed Selection & Nursery Management

Hybrid & disease-resistant varieties like Poinsett 76, Malini, and Swarna Ageti.

Polyhouse nurseries & seedling trays ensure uniform germination.

Drip irrigation & mist systems maintain ideal moisture.

Land Preparation & Transplanting

Raised bed & plastic mulching reduce weeds and conserve moisture.

Spacing: Row-to-row: 1.5m, Plant-to-plant: 50-60 cm.

Trellising (vertical farming) enhances airflow and reduces disease risks.

Smart Irrigation & Water Management

Drip irrigation with fertigation saves 50% water and improves nutrient uptake.

Mulching & soil moisture sensors prevent over-irrigation.

Fertilization & Nutrient Management

NPK Requirements:

• Nitrogen (N): Boosts vegetative growth.
• Phosphorus (P): Enhances root strength and flowering.
• Potassium (K): Improves fruit size and taste.

Pest & Disease Control

Major pests: Aphids, whiteflies, cucumber beetles.

Common diseases: Powdery mildew, downy mildew, bacterial wilt.

Greenhouse & Hydroponic Cucumber Farming

Polyhouse & greenhouse technology allows off-season production.

Hydroponics (Soilless farming) increases yield by 50%.

Harvesting & Post-Harvest Technology

Harvesting begins in 40-50 days, with fruits picked every 2-3 days.

Cold storage at 10-12°C preserves freshness.